Mary Alice Haddad is the John E. Andrus Professor of Government, a Professor of Environmental Studies, and a Professor of East Asian Studies at Wesleyan University. Her current research focuses on city diplomacy and environmental politics in East Asia. She is the author of...

Nationalism began to appear in Asia and Africa after World War I. It produced such leaders as Kemal Atatürk in Turkey, Saʿd Pasha Zaghūl in Egypt, Ibn Saud in the Arabian Peninsula, Mahatma Gandhi in India, and Sun Yat-sen in China. Atatürk succeeded in...